What are the factors that cause the errors of the laser cutting machine when it is working?

In the process of laser cutting, there are many factors that cause the relative position between the focus and the surface of the processed object to change, including uneven surface of the processed workpiece, workpiece clamping method, geometric error of the machine tool, and the load of the machine tool. The deformation of the workpiece and the thermal deformation of the workpiece during the processing will cause the deviation of the laser focus position and the ideal given position (programmed position). Some errors (such as the geometric errors of machine tools) have regularity, which can be compensated by quantitative compensation methods, but some errors are random errors and can only be eliminated through online detection and control. What are these errors?

1. Geometric error of workpiece

The object of laser cutting is plate or cover type parts. Due to the influence of various reasons, the surface of the processed object has undulations, and the thermal effect in the cutting process will also cause surface deformation of thin plate parts. For laser Processing, the cover will also produce surface unevenness during the press molding process, all of which will cause random changes in the position of the laser focus and the surface of the processed object and the ideal position.

2. Errors caused by the workpiece clamping device

The workpiece processed by laser cutting is placed on a needle-shaped worktable. Due to processing errors, long-term wear and tear between the workpiece and laser burns, the needle bed will appear uneven, and this unevenness will also produce thin steel plates and Random error in the position between laser focal points.

3. Errors caused by programming

In the laser cutting process, the processing trajectory on the complex curved surface is fitted by straight lines, arcs, etc. There are certain errors between these fitted curves and the actual curves. These errors make the actual focus and the surface of the processed object relative A certain error occurs between the position and the ideal programmed position. And some teaching programming systems will also introduce some deviations.

Laser focus position detection and control is one of the key technologies of laser cutting processing. For fast cutting processing, the accuracy and rapidity of focus position detection will directly affect the control accuracy and processing quality of the focus position. Capacitance sensors have high detection sensitivity , The advantage of fast response, the linearization of the computer system can be used to overcome its non-linearity.

The special sensor structure eliminates the influence of plasma cloud and slag spray generated during the processing on the detection results, thereby improving its use effect in the laser cutting processing system.

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